Solar storms can put on beautiful light shows in the night sky, known as auroras. But they can also cause serious problems for the technology we rely on every day. Strong

solar activity can interfere with communications, power grids and navigation systems on Earth and satellites in orbit.

Although we cannot stop space weather from happening, we can limit its impact. The most effective protection comes from carefully monitoring the Sun and the results of solar activity around Earth. This information can be shared with system operators through services similar to weather reports and forecasts, so the operators can take protective action when needed.

Observing space weather and reducing its risks are goals of ESA’s Space Safety programme. ESA operates a wide range of space weather services, brought together in the Space Weather Service Network. These services help industry and spacecraft operators respond quickly and effectively when space weather events occur. Learn more about Space Weather at ESA.

Watch all Space safety hazards videos.